Skip to main content

Pest attack threatens India's coffee crop



May 21, 2012

MUMBAI – An extended dry spell in India's main coffee growing regions has promoted the spread of a crop pest, which is threatening next marketing year’s output, industry executives said Monday.

The white stem borer affects mainly arabica crops, which farmers uproot and destroy to prevent further spreading. Outbreaks spread quicker during prolonged periods of dryness.

"The incidence of white stem borer was slightly lower [than normal] in the last three-four years. But this year it is about 25% higher than normal in most areas," Karnataka Planters Association Chairman Marvin Rodrigues said.

The South Indian state of Karnataka is the country's largest coffee producer, accounting for 70% of national output. Its neighboring states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu are also large producers.

The fall in production isn't likely to buttress prices, as demand has been weak due to the sputtering global economic recovery, particularly in Europe. India exports almost 70% of its output, and European countries account for half of total shipments.

Front-month ICE arabica coffee has fallen by 40% since last May, when prices topped $3 a pound. Arabica for July delivery settled at $1.7915/lb Friday.

Industry executives said it is too early to give any estimate on production or exports for the marketing year that begins Oct. 1. The first forecast is likely to come out next month.

Once the monsoon rains arrive next month, the spread of white stem borers may be curbed, said Anil Kumar Bhandari, a member of the state-run Coffee Board.

"If this thing [white stem borer disease] is not resolved in the next 10-15 years, India will cease to be a producer of fine arabica coffees," Mr. Rodrigues of the Karnataka association said.

India, now Asia's third-largest coffee producer, is expected to produce a total of around 320,000 metric tons this marketing year, according to the Coffee Board.
---
Write to Debiprasad Nayak at debi.nayak@dowjones.com