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Sunday, December 23, 2012

Coffee in Retrospect: Coffee and International Situation


Every American housewife has a part in this diplomatic and economic drama. She reduced her purchases of high-priced coffee to such a degree that 1954 consumption fell off six per cent from the 1947-1952 volume. And, of course she will benefit, if the 1955 futures level becomes effective at the retail level.

American reaction toward soaring prices has caused tremendous resentment. James S. Kemper, our Ambassador to Brazil, recently predicted a sharp decline in price, leading to demands for his recall on the ground that he has outlived his usefulness.

Foreign Operation Administrator Harold E. Stassen then issued a statement completely contradictory to the FTC report, which envisaged surpluses. He foresaw serious shortages, and urged that Ethiopia be tried out as a new source of production, with American aid, of course. Brazilians exploded at that.

Thus, in South America at least the coffee bean has become as explosive an issue as the atom bomb at the State Department and in the chancellories [sic] of Europe and Russia.

Coffee and International Situation

By Ray Tucker

November 24, 1954

WASHINGTON - While American housewives complain over paying $1.13 a pound for coffee, the American State Department is deeply disturbed over a prospective drop in prices that will bankrupt several coffee-producing nations and render them more susceptible to Communist infiltration in the vicinity of the Panama Canal.

As the recent Guatemalan explosion revealed, all these countries - Brazil, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Haiti, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic - have been penetrated by Communist agents on orders of their masters in Moscow. Their principal propaganda charges that there is an official and unofficial American conspiracy against coffee.

They find it easy to excite native audiences, for the United States is the principal market for this staple crop. Moreover, South American anger has been stimulated by Congressional denunciations and investigations of high prices, and by the Federal Trade Commission's anti-trust charges against the New York Coffee Exchange, with the implication that producers connive at gouging American coffee drinkers.

U.S. Concern

State's immediate concern arises from the fact that the future prices for September, 1955, for Brazilian coffee is about 52.35 cents a pound. This represents a decline of 43.65 cents from last April's high of 95 cents.

If 1955 prices average around 55 cents, Brazil will lose an income of $550,000,000 a year, and the other coffee-growing countries will lose proportionately. All these countries are in financial straits now, and such a decline might ruin them. Coffee accounts for from 60 to 95 per cent of their total national revenue.

In fact, the suicide of President Vargas of Brazil was attributed to his country's desperate plight, and his inability to improve conditions. Coffee was selling then for a higher price than it is now, or will in the future under present prospects.

American Housewife's Part

Every American housewife has a part in this diplomatic and economic drama. She reduced her purchases of high-priced coffee to such a degree that 1954 consumption fell off six per cent from the 1947-1952 volume. And, of course she will benefit, if the 1955 futures level becomes effective at the retail level.

The difference between the New York futures and retail prices averages about 30 cents. When the New York figures was 95 cent last April, she was paying from $1.20 to $1.30 a pound. If the New York price falls to 55 cents, the retail charge should be about 85 cents.

American reaction toward soaring prices has caused tremendous resentment.

Other Reasons for Hostility

Hostility in the coffee countries has been provoked by other events. James S. Kemper, our Ambassador to Brazil, recently predicted a sharp decline in price, leading to demands for his recall on the ground that he has outlived his usefulness.

Foreign Operation Administrator Harold E. Stassen then issued a statement completely contradictory to the FTC report, which envisaged surpluses. He foresaw serious shortages, and urged that Ethiopia be tried out as a new source of production, with American aid, of course. Brazilians exploded at that.

Thus, in South America at least the coffee bean has become as explosive an issue as the atom bomb at the State Department and in the chancellories of Europe and Russia. It will probably perk with enough force to dynamite the forthcoming economic conference at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

[McClure Newspaper Syndicate]

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Ed's Note: Coffee in Retrospect is a reprint column prepared by Coffee Monitor and Poor Farmer blog to provide context for the current global coffee trade by republishing news articles from the past. In this column, we intend to reprint archived prints by converting images into electronic file formats with careful conformity to originals and, whenever applicable and possible, we provide links to the sources of the information. Meanwhile, responsibility for the contents lies solely with the authors and the views expressed in the articles do not necessarily reflect our opinions.
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